Pengertian Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Tense ini pula sering disebut dgn Past Perfect Progressive Tense. Tidak seperti Present Perfect Continuous Tense yg memperlihatkan bahwa suatu insiden dimulai di masa lalu & terus berlanjut hingga saat ini, Past Perfect Continuous Tense memberikan bahwa sebuah kejadian dimulai pada masa lalu, terus berlanjut sampai suatu waktu di masa lalu, & pula berakhir di masa lampau. Namun sama dgn Present Perfect Continuous Tense, tense ini pula menekankan pada proses atau adanya insiden yg terus berlanjut dgn durasi tertentu.
Fungsi Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Selain yg telah disebutkan di atas, Past Perfect Continuous Tense pula digunakan pada Reported Speech. Tense ini adalah pada Past Continuous Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense pada Direct Speech.
Contoh:
- Direct Speech pada Past Continuous Tense: When I asked him why he didn’t answer my call, he said “I was studying”.
Reported Speech: When I asked him why he didn’t answer my call, he said that he had been studying.
- Direct Speech pada Present Perfect Continuous Tense: Sarah said, “I have been exercising all afternoon”.
Reported Speech: Sarah said that she had been exercising all afternoon.
Rumus Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Rumus Past Perfect Continuous Tense cukup sederhana yaitu had + been + Verb-ing. Rumus tersebut tak akan berubah walaupun kita memakai subjek tunggal atau jamak.
Positive
Subject + had + been + Verb-ing
Contoh:
- The labors had been demonstrating.
- They had been repairing that computer since an hour ago.
- He had been drinking milk out the carton when his mom walked into the kitchen.
Negative
Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing
Contoh:
- The labors had not been demonstrating.
- They had not been repairing that computer since an hour ago.
- He had not been drinking milk out the carton when his mom walked into the kitchen.
Interrogative
Had + Subject + been + Verb-ing
Contoh:
- Had the labors been demonstrating?
- Had they been repairing that computer since an hour ago?
- Had he been drinking milk out the carton when his mom walked into the kitchen?
Preposition yg lazimDigunakan dgn Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Preposition | Artinya | Contoh Kalimat |
When | Ketika |
|
For | Selama |
|
Since | Sejak |
|
Before | Sebelum |
|
Yang perlu diamati dlm mengerti tense ini yaitu kata kerja yg digunakan haruslah memiliki bentuk Continuous atau Progressive. Berikut ini yakni beberapa kata yg tak memiliki bentuk Progressive:
- Feeling: love, hate, like, want, & lain sebagainya
- Senses: appear, fee, hear, see, & lain sebagainya
- Communication: agree, deny, mean, satisfy & lain sebagainya
- Thinking: know, believe, understand, realize, & lain sebagainya
Referensi
Frodesen, J. & Eyring, J. (2000). Grammar Dimensions 4: Form, Meaning, and Use. Boston: Hainle & Hainle.
Thewlis, Stephen H. (2000). Grammar Dimensions 3: Form, Meaning, and Use. Boston: Hainle & Hainle.
Artikel: Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Kontributor: Nanda Widya, S.Hum.
Alumni Sastra Inggris FIB UI
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