Present Perfect Continuous tense yakni suatu tense dlm bahasa Inggris yg digunakan untuk memberikan bahwa suatu kejadian dimulai pada masa lampau & terus berlanjut hingga ketika iui. Tense ini pula sering disebut dgn Present Perfect Progressive tense. Karena terdapat bagian Continuous tense dlm tense ini, yg perlu diamati yakni kata kerja yg cocok untuk digunakan dgn Verb-ing (mempunyai durasi waktu).
Contoh:
I have been reading Harry Potter and the Cursed Child for a month now.
Kalimat di atas memberikan bahwa membaca Harry Potter and the Cursed Child merupakan sebuah acara yg dimulai di masa lampau & belum akhir sampai ketika ini & akan terus berlanjut hingga di masa depan.
Sumber gambar: youtube/unrwatv
Rumus Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Rumus Present Perfect Continuous tense mesti menyesuaikan dgn subjek tunggal atau jamak dr kalimat.
Berikut ini rumus Present Perfect Continuous tense beserta contoh kalimatnya:
| Subject | Positive | Negative | Interrogative |
| I | I + have + been + Verb-ing
I have been living here for 4 years. |
I + have + not + been + Verb-ing
I have not been living here for 4 years. |
Have + I + been + Verb-ing
Have I been living here for 4 years? |
| You | You + have + been + Verb-ing
You have been living here for 4 years. |
You + have + not + been + Verb-ing
You have not been living here for 4 years. |
Have + you + been + Verb-ing
Have you been living here for 4 years? |
| They | They + have + been + Verb-ing
They have been living here for 4 years. |
They + have + not + been + Verb-ing
They have not been living here for 4 years. |
Have + they + been + Verb-ing
Have they been living here for 4 years? |
| We | We + have + been + Verb-ing
We have been living here for 4 years. |
We + have + not + been + Verb-ing We have not been living here for 4 years. |
Have + we + been + Verb-ing
Have we been living here for 4 years? |
| He | He + has + been + Verb-ing
He has been living here for 4 years. |
He + has + not + been + Verb-ing
He has not been living here for 4 years. |
Has + he + been + Verb-ing
Has he been living here for 4 years? |
| She | She + has + been + Verb-ing
She has been living here for 4 years. |
She + has + not + been + Verb-ing
She has not been living here for 4 years. |
Has + she + been + Verb-ing
Has she been living here for 4 years? |
| It | It + has + been + Verb-ing
It has been living here for 4 years. |
It + has + not + been + Verb-ing
It has not been living here for 4 years. |
Has + it + been + Verb-ing
Has it been living here for 4 years? |
**Catatan:
Pada bentuk kasatmata, ananda bisa memakai abreviasi I’ve untuk I have, You’ve untuk You have, They’ve untuk They have, & seterusnya. Singkatan ini tak berlaku untuk subjek He, She, & It. Sedangkan pada bentuk negatif, akronim yg benar untuk dipakai ialah haven’t & hasn’t. Contohnya, I haven’t been living here for 4 years, bukan I’ve not been living here for 4 years.
Kata Kerja Tanpa Bentuk Continuous
Seperti yg telah dijelaskan sebelumnya, Present Perfect Continuous tense mesti memakai kata kerja yg memiliki bentuk Continuous (progressive) atau mempunyai durasi waktu tertentu. Berikut ini beberapa acuan kata kerja yg tak dapat ananda gunakan dgn Present Perfect Continuous tense sebab beberapa kata kerja ini tak memiliki durasi waktu, atau dgn kata lain hanya dimulai & final dgn waktu yg singkat:
- I’ve wanted to visit Japan for years.
- She’s known John since she was a child.
- I’ve hated that music since I first heard it.
- I’ve heard a lot about you recently.
- We’ve understood everything.
Signal Words dlm Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Berikut ini beberapa pola kata yg sering digunakan bersama dgn Present Perfect Continuous tense untuk memberikan waktu:
| For | I’ve been being in relationship with her for 8 months. |
| Since | I have been owning my Mazda since 2007. |
| Recently | Sarah has been being late for work recently. |
| Lately | I haven’t been feeling well lately. |
Kontributor: Nanda Widya, S.Hum.
Alumni Sastra Inggris FIB UI
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